Scientists Finally Sequence the Entire Human Genome
While 92 percent of the human genome was sequenced in 2003, scientists have struggled to map the remaining eight percent. Until now.
When the Human Genome Project was declared completed in 2003, it had mapped 92 percent of genes, with the rest remaining a mystery for nearly two decades due to technological limitations. Now, scientists have finished sequencing the other eight percent, and the human genome has finally been fully sequenced.
Almost 100 scientists from the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium collaborated on the project to map the entire human genome. The additional 8% that was sequenced accounts for 400 million new letters added to the existing sequenced DNA — enough for an entire chromosome, as CNN reported.
The additional genes are very important for adaptation, according to Evan Eichler, one of the major contributors to the main paper on the research and a professor of genome sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. They include immune response genes enabling humans to adapt to and survive infections, plagues, and viruses, as well as genes that enable human brains to grow larger than those of other primates.
“I’ve always come back to that point that, to understand genetic variation comprehensively, we need to have a reference that’s complete,” Eichler said in a press release. “95 percent of the puzzle being solved is good enough for some people. But I guess for me, getting that last five percent was so important because I believe so much of what we don’t understand about disease, or we don’t understand about evolution, is disproportionately represented in that five percent of the of the genome that we didn’t sequence first off.”
As detailed in the research, which was published in six papers in the journal Science on March 31, the team used two DNA sequencing methods: the “ultralong” Oxford Nanopore method, which sequences up to one million DNA letters with a five percent error rate, and the PacBio HiFi sequencing method, which reads 20,000 letters at a time but has a far smaller (0.01 percent) error rate.
While the researchers used the former to span extended lengths of repeated DNA, they used the latter to discern how some lengths that looked like exact replications were actually subtly different.
The resulting fully sequenced genome is now a resource that other scientists can use to springboard their own research, though it only represents a single example. Further study by the T2T Consortium along with the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium will build out more genome examples, called haplotypes, from a diverse range of samples, according to the published research.
This is another big step in enabling humans to sequence their individual genomes, which could drop in accessibility and cost to become a routine medical test that could run you under $1,000, study author Adam Phillippy, a genomicist with the National Institutes of Health, told CNN. In the meantime, scientists will be able to use the completed genome to investigate whether genetic variations are linked to particular cancers.
Even with this accomplishment, more work — and deeper understanding — lies ahead.
“We finished a genome. There will be hundreds, probably thousands of genomes over the next few years,” Eichler said in a statement. “I think our view of how humans differ from each other is going to be transformed, and how more complex genetic variation is important not only for making us human, but also making us different.”
See more here: cnet.com
Header image: Nature
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Richard Noakes
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As you can see, humans born by sex with 2 M&F partners, is now obsolete, when Scientists can create test tube babies to order.
Kill off the obsolete humans, who have been replaced by computers, technology and computers and replace them with test tube babies to order.
No Police, Courts, Prisons, Laws, Education, Jobs, Transport, Rail, you name it, all gone, when the Globalists are the new World order and they will dictate who lives and who dies, according to their needs.
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Judith Day
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Indeed, Richard, a ‘Brave New World’ is now possible.
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Mark Tapley
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Hello Noakes:
And don’t be so sure. They have had 92% of the genome (building material list) since 2003. How many of the over 5000 human mutations have they cured? Oh, thats right, NONE. How many diseases have they cured? Again ZERO. How much have they improved mortality from the no. 1 killers, heart disease and cancer? Zilch. Since the 1800’s these two diseases that were formerly rare have skyrocketed. How about increased lifespan over the last few decades? Lifespans are now going down in Jewmerica. Take a look a Bill Gates. This eugenicist shit bag Zionist appears to be every bit of his 66 years. Doesn’t appear that all this high tech science is doing that much for him.
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Roslyn Ross
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In a century of more science-medical meddling and intervention than ever before humans are not healthier. In fact they are more sickly and children worse again, suffering serious and chronic diseases at levels never before seen. Cancer, Autism, Alzheimer’s, Diabetes, Auto-immune diseases all at epidemic levels.
Remind me again how clever these scientists are and what they have contributed to the health of humanity.
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John Alexander
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This is a digitally manipulable or malleable concept and construct. The very same contrick of graphical representation (digital artistic impression).
The concept is no different and has the very same MO as the Microsoft operating system that was introduced initially to make DOS operating system more understandable for us mortals who use logical deduction. Only that this was visualized and seen as a huge opportunity to create a permanent income stream for another industry. Along came Gates and created the same complex of viruses and had backdoors or entry points and “clevages” that are used by the Pharmaceutical industry geneticists to create deadly cures for phantoms It is needed to continue to support the lie of the Virology Pharmaceutical industry that is worth billions and is heavily invested in by the speculative industrial complex. That is the only reason for this fakery and is there to keep the speculative financial and insurance industries alive that use FEAR and is the main driver attacking the most elemental and powerful human emotion.
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Mark Tapley
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Hello John:
You again hit the nail on the head. The globalists are working every scam to the hilt. Not just the fiat financial predation wielded by their banking cartel, along with contrived war, fake riots, racial tension and fake shootings. They have been screaming about the fake global warming now (we are always in the final decade to catastrophe) for over 50 years while exploiting the personal effect of the fake virus dropping out of the sky and hitting each sheep on the plantation. What began with medical con man Pasteur and his “pathogenic transmission” of mercury and arsenic has since the Rockefeller Foundation (((Abraham and Simon Flexnor))) evolved into generations of biological warfare on the populace in the name of virology and the “vaccines.”
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