Energydynamics
The Laws of Thermodynamics were created in the 1860s when heat and light were thought to be energy. This antiquated belief leads to confusion today because heat is kinetic energy and involve mass and energy.
Objects do not radiate or transfer mass, only energy so people have misunderstood the laws.
Light is a disturbance in the electric (matter) and magnetic (energy) fields that transfers energy much like AC current transfers to other objects by causing changes in their fields.
Energy and matter are the two basic building blocks that make the universe and they are distinct. We know there is energy in the space between the Earth and the sun but cannot detect it because there is no matter to react with it.
As soon as matter is introduced into the energy field the matter absorbs and radiates energy making both the matter and energy detectable.
Energy is detected by the electromagnetic waves which are the radiated excess energy coming from matter and these waves are what we are able to observe. Objects made from energy and matter also have a reservoir of internal energy that creates the structure of the object. Both atoms and molecules are formed from this internal energy and when a structure is broken this energy can become radiated energy.
A lump of coal will radiate energy. When burning the lump of coal the energy holding the carbon molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and new molecules of CO2 are formed using less internal energy, with the freed internal energy becoming radiated energy.
The energy radiated by an object form a field around the object that acts as an attractive force on the fields of radiated energy by other objects. The gravitational and magnetic (directional field) forces try to combine with the fields of other objects to form larger objects.
All objects would clump together if it weren’t for the electric force from matter that is also being radiated by objects. Energy is attracted to positive matter (protons) and separates electrons from protons to form atoms. This separation creates electric fields around the matter with the negative field from electrons creating a larger field than the positive electric field.
Energy is attracted to the positive field of matter but the repelling electric force of matter prevents the objects from merging. The energy force being stronger (probably by a factor of the golden constant, 1.6) is able to separate protons and electrons. This is why neutrons are unstable when not protected in a nucleus and exposed to the energy force.
The radiated electric fields allow us to detect matter and it is the lack of these electric fields that makes neutrons undetectable to us (except when energy emits them from a nucleus and they have momentum).
The electric force and energy force have similar action, declining with distance, but have opposite behavior. As opposite poles of the energy force, gravity and magnetic, combine they produce a larger radiated attractive force and energy field, while when opposite charges of the electric force, positive and negative, combine the radiated fields decrease (creating a neutron).
As similar poles of the energy force are forced together the radiated force decreases while when similar charges are forced together the radiated force increases creating a larger electric field. When an object gains energy the attraction between it and its neighboring objects increases, it expands and causes the distance between the objects to decrease. This decrease in distance is a result of the compression of the neighboring fields, not by the movement of the object.
This compression of the energy force then causes the negative fields of the objects closer together, increasing the repelling force between the objects. As the increased energy force is lost or weakens the electric force then pushes the object apart. This oscillation is light or electromagnetic radiation.
The first Law of Energydynamics is that matter and energy cannot be created of destroyed. This is just an assumption made to act as a foundation for the theory and has no evidential basis.
Energy can be converted from radiated to internal energy and from internal energy to radiated energy but cannot be converted into matter. The two are distinct units with opposite behavior and properties. Energy produces motion while matter produces inertia or resistance to motion.
Absolute zero is not when an objects has no energy but when it radiates no energy. The structure formed by the internal energy still exists and atoms and molecules do not disintegrate at absolute zero. It takes the destruction of the nucleus to release the internal energy (radioactivity).
All matter absorbs radiated energy and all matter with excess energy (greater than the internal energy) will radiate energy. The energy an object absorbs and radiates depends on the structure of the object and its internal energy.
The bonds between atoms in a molecule will determine what wavelengths it absorbs and radiates so while all objects will absorb energy they will not absorb or radiate all wavelengths of energy. This means, along with the decrease of energy with distance, that objects can never equalize energy with another object, only with the energy field they are in
The amount of energy an object can receive from another object depends on the distance between the objects, their size, and the composition of the objects. An object will never have the same amplitude or amount of energy as the object transferring energy to it. What will happen is that an object will achieve stasis, where the amount of energy it gains from a source field will be equal to the amount of energy it radiates into the field.
It is important to distinguish between the amplitude of energy and the amount of energy. I use the term amplitude instead of temperature because temperature is associated with the thermometer and a thermometer measures the momentum of objects striking it, not the kinetic energy of the objects.
The amplitude of energy is determined by the kinetic energy of the mass in the object while the amount of energy is how much total energy the object contains. It is the amplitude of the energy in the object that determines the strength of the field it radiates while it is the amount of energy that determines how much energy it radiates.
In this way the forces of energy and matter are similar. Electricity has amplitude (voltage), amount (amperes), and when work is done by causing motion to another object (watts), both the voltage/kinetic energy and the amount of force declines. These are transferred to the other object and cause changes it the fields it is radiating.
The amount of energy an object contains is a function of its volume while how much energy it radiates or absorbs is function of its area. An object with greater area can radiate/absorb more energy than a smaller object, but if the mass of the smaller object has a greater amplitude of energy that radiated energy will not be transferred to the smaller object.
A current with lower voltage will not flow through a current with higher voltage. No matter how much propane you burn you will not be able to melt steel because the amplitude of the energy from the oxidation of propane is not great enough. You can use acetylene to melt steel because the amplitude of its oxidation is greater.
This is the second Law of Energydynamics. Energy flows from objects with greater amplitude to objects with lower amplitudes. It can never increase the amplitude of an object with greater amplitude.
Colder objects cannot make a hotter object hotter by radiation. The energy is distributed equally to all the mass of the object so a smaller object can transfer more energy to a larger object but the amplitude (how hot it is) will never exceed the amplitude of the source.
The radiated fields of objects will flow away from the object until it meets fields from other objects of equal strength. It cannot flow uphill so at the point where energy fields are equal, energy flow in that direction ceases. At this point movement towards either source will cause an increase in amplitude but the objects cannot cause an increase in amplitude of the other object.
The amount of energy being radiated by an object does not change whether another object is absorbing energy or not. It is the flow of energy that changes. Energy fields are determined by amplitude of the energy of the object but the flow of energy is determined by the energy fields of neighboring objects. The flow of energy from the sun compresses the energy field being radiated by the Earth but the Earth’s field expands on the dark side of the planet as the flow of energy from the Earth is re-directed.
The amount of energy being radiated from the sun and Earth remains the same.
If there were a volcanic eruption on Earth where geothermal (internal) energy became radiated energy the size of the Earth’s energy field would increase. The equilibrium point between the sun and Earth would shift slightly towards the sun while the field away from the sun would increase radiating more energy. As this radiated energy was transferred to the energy field coming from the sun the Earth’s field would shrink back to its old size as stasis with the sun was re-established.
The size of objects is determined by the fields they radiate not their mass. A small super magnet produces a larger magnetic filed than a lodestone. The radiation of energy by an object does not decrease the energy of the object but changes the concentration and size of its fields.
The loss of energy by an object only happens when the object is able to transfers energy to another object. The size and concentration of energy fields around an object will change due to the movement and fields radiated by neighboring objects and equilibrium points will change.
All the objects in the universe are connected and bound together by their energy fields and try to achieve stasis with the fields around it. The apparent disorder (entropy) is a result of objects trying to restore an ordered system in a changing environment. This is why we don’t see stars and objects moving in random patterns but in ordered structures like solar systems and galaxies.
Because the transfer of energy is a function of amplitude not amount, it is possible for an object with less energy to transfer energy to an object with more energy, but not by radiation. This happens with convection where there are collisions between objects eliminates the field barrier between them. When the matter of the objects are in contact the energy flows from the matter with greater amplitude of energy to the matter with less amplitude.
This is shown in the Law of Conservation of Momentum (M1V1 + M2V2 = M1V3 + M2V4. The energy flows from the object with greater velocity (energy) to the object with less velocity (energy) regardless of the masses and whether or not the larger mass has a greater amount of energy.
As long as the amplitude of the energy is greater in a mass than the amplitude of energy in the other mass, energy will be transferred to the other mass. With collisions it is possible for objects with less kinetic energy to add energy (heat) to an object with more energy. The total kinetic energy of the two objects will not change but the distribution of that kinetic energy will change.
By renaming Thermodynamics to Energydynamics it is easier to how energy flows and the interaction between objects.
Matter gives objects substance (mass) while energy gives them structure, whether it be atoms or galaxies.
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MattH
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Intuitively thinking, electromagnetic waves are more probably an electromagnetic stream. Current rather than pulses.
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MattH
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Hi Herb. If the term electromagnetic frequencies rather than electromagnetic waves was used there would have not been the confusion which my above comment was derived from.
Have a good year.
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MattH
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Hi Herb. On waves.
The El Nino warm water arrives off Western America at Christmas which could suggest the mechanism to disperse the Western Pacific Warm Water Pool towards America probably begins six to twelve weeks before this (travelling time) which would likely correlate with the spring tides during the equinox.
I was checking when El Nino events were identified and found this.
El Niño events were first recognised by Peruvian fisherman in the 19th century who noticed that warm water would sometimes arrive off the coast of South America around Christmas time. Because of the timing they called this phenomenon El Niño, meaning “boy child”, after Jesus. La Niña, being the opposite, is the “girl child”.
On my first embarrassing comment above, I am checking to see if I was correct by accident. Waves undulate. The peaks and troughs have curves and faces between the peak and trough is also curved.
So, having curves in waves is possibly too inefficient for electromagnetic frequencies at the speed of light.
Therefore electromagnetic frequencies possibly may not fit the definition of a wave. I still have to check this a little more.
If I prove accidently correct, I will then have a try at swimming up waterfalls. Why travel the groupthink path of least resistance when futility is an option. (self-effacement).
Have a good year.
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Herb Rose
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Hi Matt,
Waves travel in a medium and the speed of the wave is determined by that medium. The stronger the medium the faster the wave (sound travels faster in water than in air.) While a wave moves the medium (water) goes up and down (remaining in place) as energy is added to it and lost by it. Waves are a movement of energy, not a medium.
Because light is an electromagnetic wave traveling in the magnetic and electric fields of objects, it travels faster in matter with stronger fields (water, glass) than it does in a vacuum. The apparent slower speed in these mediums is due to refraction and an increase in the distance travelled.
An image is where waves move in unison and there is no interference between them to destroy the image, so while light will spread in all directions an image can be represented by a straight-line. Draw a curve representing the surface of a magnifying glass. One light wave strikes towards the center of the glass where it is thicker and refracts creating a larger image as it travels through the glass to the back the lens. Another wave carrying the image strike the lens further away from the center where the glass is thinner. It refracts at the same angle carrying the image to the back of the lens. In order for the image to be preserved the two waves must exit (and un-refract) the lens at the same time. Since the wave towards the center travels a greater distance (larger hypotenuse) the light must travel faster in the glass than in the air.
Herb
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MattH
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Hi Herb. Thank you for taking the time. I should have stopped digging the hole I was in.
“If you want to know the secrets of the Universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration.“
– Nikola Tesla.
Best wishes.
Tom
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The natural state of the universe is darkness and cold. A specific process is required to replace the darkness and cold with light and heat.
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T. C. Clark
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Is there a text book named “Herbphysics”? Why? Why does he persist in this quest? It’s a hobby?
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Ken Hughes
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But. mass IS energy. Everything is energy. There is only energy.
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Herb Rose
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Hi Ken,
Matter is not energy. Mass is how strongly matter is held in an energy field. Why would a proton have equal but opposite charges while their masses are so different. There is matter which is the electric force and energy which is the gravitational force, magnetic (directional force created by electrons) and the strong nuclear compression force.
If E=mc^2 what is the cause of one converting to the other?
Herb
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Robert Beatty
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Hi Herb,
“ We know there is energy in the space between the Earth and the sun but cannot detect it because there is no matter to react with it.”
Whatever happened to Venus and Mercury?
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Herb Rose
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Hi Robert,
Since we detect Mercury and Venus by the energy they radiate why do we assume that energy is a result of energy coming from the sun?
Herb
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T. C. Clark
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As a test of Herbphysics….you should be given the opportunity to tickle the sleeping Dragon’s tail. All required is a plutonium core and some beryllium bricks to surround it and you keep pushing the bricks closer to the core….until there is a blue light flash…and heat….and now you’ve done it.
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Robert Beatty
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Herb,
How do you explain the findings of the Cavendish demonstration? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavendish_experiment
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Herb Rose
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Hi Robert,
The direction of a swinging pendulum will change as the Earth rotates under it. I did not see where this factor was considered in the experiment. ???
Herb
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T. C. Clark
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Is that pendulum on the equator…….or at the North Pole? There are 2 ramps….one is straight down at 45 degrees….the other is curved up and down several times but both begin and end at the same level….2 identical steel balls are rolled down at the same time…which reaches the bottom first?…or both at the same time? Yes, the curved ramp is longer in length but both start at the same high level and end at the same lower level. Don’ t look it up.
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Robert Beatty
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Hi Herb,
The Cavendish experiment has been repeated many times with results that are quite unambiguous.
I think the problem with Herbphysics – as TCC refers to it – is you start with E = mc² then you assume everything in the universe is on the LHS as energy and nothing appears on the RHS as consolidated mass.
This is a very dangerous assessment, because gravity appears to attach preferentially to consolidated mass, and not to diffuse energy. Newton’s force formula works because of this fact.
The property inducing gravity is not fully understood, but it is referred to as gravitons. IMO we have evidence that two forms of electron exist. One form, including the graviton, has an entangled association with black holes.
My work shows the “constant” G varies in our solar system – particularly for the planets near the Sun. See https://principia-scientific.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Beatty-Newton-and-Mercury-paper-r1.pdf
The solar system is on a remote part of our Gravisphere. As we move closer to the centre of a Gravisphere, values for G increase. Gravity then becomes much stronger, until it reaches the strength limit shown.
Mass is definitely an integral part of our universe, as is energy, but they are two separate conditions.
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