Image copyright ERICH LEPIERWhen nerve surgeon Dr Susan Mackinnon needed help to finish an operation, she reached, as she often does, for a mid-20th Century book of anatomy.
Thanks to the complex hand-drawn illustrations – showing the human body peeled back layer by layer – Dr Mackinnon, from Washington University in St Louis, was able to complete the procedure.








When humans are habitually exposed to cold water and air, “surfer’s ear” can be one of the consequences — and apparently, the same was true of Neanderthals. But it’s less likely that they experienced bony growths in their ear canals due to surfing.


