Jupiter’s Magnetosphere And The Great Red Spot (Update)
Upon extra important information from the Juno Probe becoming available, we are delighted to publish an updated version of the author’s original paper about Jupiter’s Magnetosphere And The Great Red Spot (2020).
ABSTRACT
A report proposing the significance planet Jupiter plays in determining some major Solar System structures.
Keywords:
Jupiter, Great Red Spot, GRS, Magnetic Chamber, Magma Chamber, Heat Exit Chimney, Proto Continent, Mars, Asteroid Belt, Kuiper, Oort, Pluto, grade orbit, retrograde orbit
1) INTRODUCTION.
This discussion initially revolve around the possibility that Jupiter has a rocky surface,[2] but has been extended following release of detailed NASA Juno space probe information reported at:[3]
The rocky surface proposition agrees with my published book, Planets Satellites and Landforms (PSL)[4], which includes a dynamic time scale for the Solar System. This approach is based on the thought that primordial material forming the Solar System included a component of radioactive constituents. These decay exothermically providing internal heat to planets and satellites in addition to solar heat from the Sun.
This theory results in larger orbiting masses having a heat decay profile slower than the smaller masses. The results are graphically presented in Figure 1 where Earth is the smallest object of Super Critical mass size, and the most tectonically advanced, whereas Jupiter is the biggest and the least advanced.
There are only five planets listed in this group. These are considered to be the only Solar System planetary objects which were large enough to launch their own satellites. Other orbiting bodies are regarded as Sub Critical in mass.
Geologic consideration of the Earth and its past existence helps identify several stages of planet tectonic activity. These are recognised in planets of intermediate mass between Earth and Jupiter. This is accompanied by recent probes and astronomical observations of the various planets and satellites visible in the Solar System, as well as some interstellar observations.
Figure 1.
The PSL work includes a generic equatorial section of a protoplanet formation. Figure 2, shows how a protoplanet might start forming, immediately after its satellites have launched from the planet surface, together with a cloud of igneous and siliceous material.
Figure 2.
Figure 2 shows the Giant Planet Stage of planet formation which lasted on Earth for the first 1.6by. The GPS occurs when volatile material within the planet is released and forms a surrounding cloud.
Jupiter is the only planet where the eye is consistently visible now. As a planet cools, the eye becomes less distinct and is replaced by dynamic activity on the opposite face of the emerging land form, described as the Projectile Stage. The forming land mass is plastic in nature, and can be drawn into carrot shaped tubes. These fill with heated and pressurised volatiles before being suddenly released to lower pressure levels. This results in siliceous material being steam launched into rings around the planet with Saturn being the most noticeable planet at this stage of activity.
A planet emerging from the Projectile stage moves into the less dynamic Terrafirma stage. The vortex heat flowing from the planet core can again become visible, but the upper and cooler part of vortex can disassociate from the lower vortex and move across the Giant Cloud. Examples of this stage show at Neptune and Uranus. More details at the PSL publication.
On Earth it took a further 3by to move from the Occlusion stage to present. This involved land masses assembling into a single high N-S continent which helped to stir and condense the cloud, followed by massive erosion, the formation of plain lands, and finally by continental drift.
Interim Conclusion.
The PSL report provides a Solar System wide chronology of possible development stages for Solar System planets.
2) JUPITER – THE START OF SOMETHING BIG.
Jupiter is the biggest planet in the Solar System and as such, continues to radiate significant primordial heat evident in the famous great red spot (GRS), or eye as shown in this Hubble image, Figure 3. The planet is described as a gas giant composed mostly of hydrogen and helium, but may have a rocky core.[5]
Figure 3.
The Great Red Spot rotates at a different pace (144 hours) to the magnetic field (9.9 hours) recorded at Jupiter, and it is generally concluded the GRS is the result of a persistent storm cloud and not directly associated with surface activity on the planet.
Recent NASA Juno space probe information includes Figure 4, a temperature/depth illustration from above the GRS.
The report by Ryan Whitwam [6] includes:
The Juno space probe was launched back in 2011 on course for Jupiter. It arrived in orbit of the gas giant in summer 2016 after five years of travel, and it began sending back stunning images and extensive scientific data early this year. One of the primary duties of Juno is to study the iconic Great Red Spot, a giant cyclone that has been churning in Jupiter’s clouds for centuries. A newly released study based on Juno data includes the most accurate measurements yet of this monster storm.
Scientists have long wondered how deep the Great Red Spot goes, and now we know thanks to Juno. Data returned by the probe shows that the roots of the vortex extend about 200 miles (321 kilometers) into the planet’s atmosphere. By comparison, Earth only has about 60 miles of atmosphere before you get to space.
The examination of the Great Red Spot’s interior took place during the probe’s first pass over it in July 2017. The probe’s microwave radiometer scanned below the outer visible layer, finding the clouds get colder the closer they are to the surface. Higher temperatures are associated with higher wind speeds, which explains the rapidly rotating vortex visible in the upper cloud layers.
Reliable records of the Great Red Spot stretch back to the early 1800s, but astronomers from the late 17th century may also have seen evidence of the spot’s existence. One way or the other, it’s old, but it’s also been shrinking. The Great Red Spot today is 10,000 miles across (16,000 km), just a third as large as it was in the 1970s. It’s possible this distinctive feature could continue shrinking and vanish completely in the coming decades. That’s why Juno’s mission is so vital. The probe will pass over Jupiter again this coming Sunday, December 16th.
The Figure 4 view indicates that from 150 km below the surface, the GRS has a higher temperature than the surrounding gasses. However, above that depth the GRS is cooler than the surrounding gasses.
Interim Conclusions.
The GRS evidence is consistent with a hot, pressurised column of rising gas, which cools as it expands at a higher altitude, and a lower ambient pressure. The colour is consistent with a dust cloud.
GRS shows the huge energy store this planet represents. The PSL study indicates that the explosion which formed this structure was sufficient to launch Mars into solar orbit, distribute the Asteroid belt, launch satellites around Jupiter in both grade and retrograde orbits, launch Pluto and the Kuiper Belt as well as Oort Cloud material.
3) PLANET JUPITER FACTS.
Several empirical facts are known about Jupiter as shown at the NASA site.[7] These are included in Table 1, together with other quantities estimated to produce the known planet mass of 1.90E+27 kg.
Interim Conclusion.
The proposed internal Jupiter structures are matched with densities and volumes that equal the known mass of the planet.
4) IMPLIED JUPITER STRUCTURE
The volume estimates are used to construct a vertical wire frame section of planet Jupiter as shown in Figure 5.
Jupiter appears to have a solid core surrounded by a spherical shaped mobile Magnetic Chamber. Here magma circulates rapidly in the chamber with a rotation period of 9.9 hours, and powers the magnetosphere which surrounds Jupiter.
Another spheroid shaped Magma Chamber exists outside the Magnetic Chamber. Magma circulating in this chamber moves more slowly, with the Chamber rotation period of 144 hours. Magma moves past the outer surface of the Magnetic Chamber, towards the base of the Heat Exit Chimney. Here the magma cools, with the heat convecting up to the surface and terminating at the GRS.
The magma returns, from the base of the Chimney within the Magma Chamber, towards the Proto Continent location. Lighter components from the magma deposit at the edge of the Proto Continent. The incoming magma squeezes the deposit together from all sides, forming a compact floating Proto Continent. The Proto Continent has a high central core, and deep roots penetrating into the Magma Chamber.
Dust forming on the surface of the Proto Continent is drawn by strong winds travelling towards the Heat Exit Chimney.
Interim Conclusion
Jupiter internal structures appear to consist of five main elements including.
A solid Core
A spherical Magnetic Chamber
A spheroid Magma Chamber
A spherical Lower Atmosphere
A spherical Upper Atmosphere
5) CONCLUSIONS.
5.1 The PSL report provides a Solar System wide chronology of possible development stages for Solar System planets.
5.2 The GRS evidence is consistent with a hot, pressurised column of rising gas, which cools as it expands at a higher altitude, and a lower ambient pressure. The colour is consistent with a dust cloud.
5.3 GRS shows the huge energy store this planet represents. The PSL study indicates that the explosion which formed this structure was sufficient to launch Mars into solar orbit, distribute the Asteroid belt, launch satellites around Jupiter in both a grade and retrograde orbits, launch Pluto and the Kuiper Belt as well as Oort Cloud material.
5.4 The proposed internal Jupiter structures are matched with densities and volumes that equal the known mass of the planet.
5.5 Jupiter internal structures appear to consist of five main elements including.
A solid Core
A spherical Magnetic Chamber
A spheroid Magma Chamber
A spherical Lower Atmosphere
A spherical Upper Atmosphere
6) REFERENCES.
1 https://bosmin.com/PSL/PlanetJupiter.pdf
2 https://principia-scientific.org/black-hole-radiation-new-paper-for-open-review/
3 https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasas-juno-probes-the-depths-of-jupiters-great-red-spot
4 https://www.bosmin.com/PSL/PlanetsSatellitesLandforms.pdf
5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter
6 https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/260514-juno-probe-reveals-jupiters-great-red-spot-extends-200-miles-deep
7 https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/jupiterfact.html
A pdf original copy is at https://bosmin.com/PSL/PlanetJ
About the author: Robert A. Beatty BE (Minerals) FAusIMM is an Honorary Research Consultant at The University of Queensland in recognition of his work on terrestrial evolution, planet orogeny and climate influences. He has over thirty years’ of broad experience in mine operations and planning for open cut and underground, coal and metalliferous mines. Since 1980 he has operated as Principal of R.A. Beatty and Associates Pty Limited mine consulting engineers offering services under the BOSMIN® trade mark.
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Andy
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Excellent article 🙂
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Robert Beatty
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Thanks Andy. 👍
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