The End of Big Bang, Black Holes and the Science of Stephen Hawking?
Iconic figure in cosmology, Professor Stephen Hawking, has his Singularity Theorem claims challenged in a remarkable new paper by probably the most able scholar in Einsteinian type general relativity, Stephen Crothers, of Queensland, Australia.
Crothers has produced many definitive refutations of the ‘Big Bang,’ black holes and other fallacies spawned from Einsteinian general relativity that have irked the scientific mainstream. In his latest paper, ‘On the Invalidity of the Hawking-Penrose Singularity ‘Theorems’ and Acceleration of the Universe from Negative Cosmological Constant,’ [1]
Crothers argues, “To disprove the Hawking-Penrose Singularity Theorem requires only disproof of one of the conditions the Theorem must satisfy. Nonetheless, all of the required conditions are proven invalid herein.”
As with his previous papers (2005, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2012b) Crothers demonstrates that ‘Big Bang’ scientists “have no valid basis in science bearing in mind that their concepts and arguments are based on the General Theory of Relativity which is easily proven to violate the usual conservation of energy and momentum and to not predict the black hole.”
The abstract is below and a link to the full paper is found here.
ABSTRACT
Hawking and Penrose proposed “A new theorem on spacetime singularities …
which largely incorporates and generalizes the previously known results” which
they claimed “implies that space-time singularities are to be expected if either the
universe is spatially closed or there is an ‘object’ undergoing relativistic
gravitational collapse (existence of a trapped surface)” and that their ‘Theorem’
applies if four certain physical conditions are satisfied. Hartle, Hawking and
Hertog have proposed a quantum state with wave function for the Universe which
they assert “raises the possibility that even fundamental theories with a negative
cosmological constant can be consistent with our low-energy observations of a
classical, accelerating universe.” They also relate this concept to string cosmology.
It is however proven in this paper that the Hawking-Penrose Singularity ‘Theorem’
and accelerated expansion of the Universe with negative # are invalid because they
are based upon demonstrably false foundations relating to Einstein’s field
equations, trapped surfaces, and the cosmological constant.
Crothers concludes that with the ‘Big Bang’ Cosmology, lacking any theoretical basis it tells us that the Cosmic Microwave Background is not the afterglow of the birth of the Universe from a Big Bang “creatio ex nihilo or otherwise.”
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[1] Crothers, S., J., ‘On the Invalidity of the Hawking-Penrose Singularity ‘Theorems’ and Acceleration of the Universe from Negative Cosmological Constant,’ (Queensland, Australia), http://vixra.org (May 4, 2013)
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