Stopping the Top 10 Deadliest Cancers

Written by Justus R. Hope on April 24, 2025. Posted in Current News

Warburg was right. Cancer is a disease of the mitochondria, those tiny engines within our cells that burn sugar.

Through the use of AI, I reviewed the 10 deadliest cancers only to find that these have the most powerful Warburg Effects based upon the highest activations of Warburg Effect pathways.

And the Key Pathways for the Warburg Effect are these: HIF-1, GLUT1, C MYC, and Hexokinase 2 (HK2). Here are the 10 cancers that are most driven by these four molecular pathways, and thus these are the most active Warburg Effect tumors. And as you might expect, these are also the deadliest.

Allow me to tell you a story about a Power Plant to make this simple.

Back in 1924, a scientist named Otto Warburg noticed something strange. Cancer cells eat sugar differently than normal cells do. Nearly 100 years later, his discovery might change how we think about cancer forever.

The Power Plants in Your Body

Think of your body as a busy city. Every city needs power, right? Inside each of your cells are tiny power plants called mitochondria. These microscopic engines turn food and oxygen into energy that keeps you alive.

When working properly, these cellular power plants are super efficient. They take one molecule of sugar and turn it into about 30 units of energy. They run clean too—just producing water and carbon dioxide as waste.

But what happens when these power plants break down?

When Good Power Plants Go Bad

Imagine your city’s power plant suddenly stops working. Maybe it was damaged by pollution, a virus, or years of wear and tear. Emergency generators kick on, but they’re dirty and inefficient. They burn through fuel like crazy but produce much less power. Plus, they pump out thick, black smoke that makes the air toxic.

This is exactly what happens in cancer. Damaged mitochondria switch to “emergency mode.” They start burning sugar in a primitive, inefficient way called the Warburg effect (named after our friend Otto). Instead of getting 30 energy units from each sugar molecule, they only get 2!

Even worse, this process creates lactic acid—the same stuff that makes your muscles burn during intense exercise. This acid builds up around the cells, creating the perfect environment for cancer to grow.

The Lactic Acid-HIF-1-VEGF Connection

The accumulation of lactic acid doesn’t just create an acidic environment—it triggers a crucial molecular cascade. Research shows that lactate activates a protein called Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) even when oxygen is present. This is significant because HIF-1 is normally only activated when cells don’t have enough oxygen.

Once activated, HIF-1 becomes a master regulator that helps cancer cells adapt to their harsh environment. It stimulates the production of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in cancer cells, which signals the body to build new blood vessels to feed the growing tumor.

This creates a powerful feedback loop: damaged mitochondria produce lactate, which activates HIF-1, which triggers blood vessel formation, which brings more nutrients to the tumor, allowing it to grow larger, producing more lactate, etc. etc.

A Brief Digression: Repurposed Agents that Block HIF-1:

The c-Myc-GLUT1 Connection

Another key player in cancer’s metabolic reprogramming is c-Myc, an oncogenic transcription factor that regulates many aspects of cell growth and division. Research has shown that c-Myc directly activates the gene encoding GLUT1, a glucose transporter that sits on the cell surface and brings glucose into the cell.

When c-Myc is overexpressed, as it often is in cancer cells, it dramatically increases the amount of GLUT1 on the cell surface. This allows cancer cells to consume much more glucose than normal cells—like adding extra fuel pumps to a gas station. Nuclear run-on studies have confirmed that c-Myc directly increases the transcription rate of the GLUT1 gene.

Beyond GLUT1, c-Myc also activates genes for other glycolytic enzymes, essentially reprogramming the entire metabolic machinery of the cell to support the Warburg effect.

Another Brief Digression: The Most Powerful GLUT1 Blockers:

The Most Powerful C MYC Blockers:

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway: Master Regulator of Warburg

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has emerged as a central driver of the Warburg effect. This pathway, which is normally involved in cell growth and survival, is frequently overactivated in cancer cells.

Studies of cells with hyperactive mTOR signaling have identified this pathway as a “major positive regulator of the Warburg effect”. The pathway works by activating key transcription factors like HIF-1α and c-Myc, which then increase the expression of glycolytic enzymes and glucose transporters.

Importantly, when mTOR inhibitors like rapamycin are used, they can blunt aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, confirming that this pathway is necessary for maintaining the Warburg effect. This makes the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway a promising target for cancer therapies.

The Warburg Effect: A Self-Reinforcing Cycle

Recent research has revealed that the Warburg effect isn’t just a one-way street—it’s actually a negative feedback loop that amplifies itself. As cancer cells shift to aerobic glycolysis, they produce more NADH (a molecule involved in cellular energy production), which increases cell proliferation, creating a positive arm of the feedback loop.

This self-reinforcing cycle helps explain why the Warburg effect is so persistent in cancer cells and why it’s so difficult to reverse once established. Interestingly, this research also suggests that both aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation work together synergistically to support cancer cell growth and survival.

The Toxic Neighborhood

As acid builds up around cells with broken mitochondria, strange things start happening. Normal cells struggle in this toxic environment, but some damaged cells actually thrive in it. These are the beginnings of cancer.

The acid bath creates a neighborhood where only the toughest cells survive—those that have lost their normal “stop growing” signals. These pre-cancer cells multiply quickly despite their damaged power plants.

Soon, the growing cluster of cells creates another problem: the cells in the middle can’t get oxygen. While normal cells would die without oxygen, these abnormal cells adapt. They activate special genes that help them survive in low-oxygen conditions and even build new blood vessels to feed their growth.

It’s like a power plant disaster that keeps getting worse. The emergency generators (damaged mitochondria) create pollution (acid) that kills normal cells but helps cancer cells grow. Then these cancer cells build their own supply lines (blood vessels) to bring in more fuel (sugar).

The Worst Offenders – (Re-Ranked)

Not all cancers rely on broken mitochondria to the same degree. The most aggressive cancers tend to show the strongest Warburg effect. These include:

• Pancreatic cancer
• Glioblastoma (brain cancer)
• Triple-negative breast cancer
• Small cell lung cancer
• Liver cancer
• Acute myeloid leukemia
• Metastatic melanoma

These cancers are particularly hungry for sugar and produce lots of acid. They’re also the hardest to treat with conventional methods.

Power Restoration

The good news is that targeting cancer’s weird metabolism seems to work. And the simple way to target Warburg is to use nutraceuticals and repurposed drugs that block these pathways the most.

Based upon the above AI generated blockers, allow me to summarize the top five blockers [repurposed drugs or nutraceuticals] of each Warburg Pathway:

Best HIF-1 Blockers Ranked in Order:

#1. EGCG

#2. Resveratrol

#3. Curcumin

#4. Quercetin

#5. Metformin

Best GLUT1 & HK2 Blockers Ranked in Order:

#1. EGCG

#2. Quercetin

#3. Metformin

#4. Resveratrol

#5. Curcumin

Best C MYC Blockers Ranked in Order:

#1. Curcumin

#2. EGCG

#3. Resveratrol

#4. Quercetin

#5. Ivermectin

As usual, I have saved the best for last. It turns out that the “Master Regulator” of the Warburg Effect is the P13K/AKT/mTOR Pathway.

If this sounds familiar, it is because this is also a key growth driver of Cancer Stem Cells. Below I rank the best agents for suppressing this pathway.

When I ranked the top repurposed drugs and agents that blocked this – P13K/AKT/mTOR pathway, I found a truly unexpected and astonishing agent that hit me by complete surprise. Then after reading the supporting study, I realized it made complete sense and was probably one of the keys – if not the key – to defeating the deadliest cancers.

And the authors of this 2023 study that explained it referenced two key studies from the 1970s. But before I forget, Ivermectin ranked #3 and Fenbendazole ranked #4 in this most crucial Warburg blocking pathway which may explain why so many anecdotal reports are now surfacing – in the hundreds of cases – of Stage 4 cancers resolving with Ivermectin and Mebendazole/Fenbendazole.

See more here Substack

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