350 Studies Prove Effects of infrasound & low-frequency noise on mammals

This article looks at studies on the effects of infrasound and low-frequency noise on mammals

J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 6;13(4):935. doi: 10.3390/jcm13040935.
Subjective complaints and coping strategies of individuals with reported low-frequency noise perceptions
Erdelyi KH, Fuermaier ABM, Tucha L, Tucha O, Koerts J.
Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland.

BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-17593-5.
Effect of low-frequency noise exposure on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Liang P, Li J, Li Z, et al.
Department of Rehabilitative Physioltherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an; Hospital of No. 95007 Unit of PLA, Guangzhou; Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an; Department of Radiation Medical Protection, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an; Department of Neurosurgery, 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an; Department of Radiation Medical Protection, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.

Int J Prev Med 2022;13:162. doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.378887
Is enough attention paid to the health effects of low-frequency noise in today’s society?
Forouharmajd F, Pereira MA, Fuente A, Pourabdian S, Asady H.
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal; École d’orthophonie et d’audiologie, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.

J Biosci Med. 2023;11(6):30–56. doi: 10.4236/jbm.2023.116003
Impairment of the endothelium and disorder of microcirculation in humans and animals exposed to infrasound due to irregular mechano-transduction
Bellut-Staeck UM.
Berlin, Germany.

Sci Rep. 2021;11:17817. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97107-8.
Effects of low-frequency noise from wind turbines on heart rate variability in healthy individuals
Chiu CH, Lung S-CC, Chen N, et al.
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica; Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

Arbeitsmed Sozialmed Umweltmed. 2021;56:420-430. doi: 10.17147/asu-2107-7953.
Infraschall aus technischen Anlagen – Wissenschaftliche Grundlagen für eine Bewertung gesundheitlicher Risiken [Infrasound from technical installations: Scientific basis for an assessment of health risks]
Roos W, Vah C.
Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Germany.

Exp Mol Pathol. 2020;104409. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104409.
Atrial fibrosis and decreased connexin 43 in rat hearts after exposure to high-intensity infrasound
Lousinha A, Pereira G, Borrecho G, et al.
Center for Interdisciplinary Research Egas Moniz, Health Sciences Institute, Monte de Caparica; Engineering Faculty, Polo da Asprela, University of Porto; Department of Anatomy and UMIB of Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Portugal.

Appl Sci. 2020;10(15):5205. doi: 10.3390/app10155205.
Low-Frequency noise and its main effects on human health—a review of the literature between 2016 and 2019
Araújo Alves J, Neto Paiva F, Torres Silva L, Remoaldo P.
Landscape, Heritage and Territory Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga; Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.

PLoS One. 2020;15(2):e0229088. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229088.
Activation in human auditory cortex in relation to the loudness and unpleasantness of low-frequency and infrasound stimuli
Behler O, Uppenkamp S.
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Germany.

Acoustics of Materials. El Abiddine Fellah Z, Ogam E, eds. Intech Open: 2019. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.75245
Acoustics and biological structures [chapter 5, pp. 97–118]
Alves-Pereira M, Rapley B, Bakker H, Summers R.

Appl Sci. 2019;9(24):5566; doi: 10.3390/app9245566.
How can low-frequency noise exposure interact with the well-being of a population? Some results from a Portuguese municipality
Alves JA, Torres Silva L, Remoaldo P.
Landscape, Heritage and Territory Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga; Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.

Folia Med Cracov. 2019;59(4):95–110. doi: 10.24425/fmc.2019.131383
Cardiovascular response to different types of acute stress stimulations
Jarczewski J, Furgała A, Winiarska A, Kaczmarczyk M, Poniatowski A.
Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.

Bioinspir Biomim. 2019 Oct 30. doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/ab529e. [Epub ahead of print]
Effect of trailing-edge serrations on noise reduction in a coupled bionic aerofoil inspired by barn owls.
Li D, Liu X, Hu F, Wang L.
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China.

Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2019 Oct 14;31(3):296-302. doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20190054. eCollection 2019.
Autonomic responses of premature newborns to body position and environmental noise in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Gomes ELFD, Santos CMD, Santos ADCS, Silva AGD, França MAM, Romanini DS, Mattos MCV, Leal AF, Costa D.
Universidade Nove de Julho and Hospital do Mandaqui, São Paulo, Brasil.

Biosci Trends. 2019 Oct 11. doi: 10.5582/bst.2019.01190. [Epub ahead of print]
Neuron loss and dysfunctionality in hippocampus explain aircraft noise induced working memory impairment: a resting-state fMRI study on military pilots.
Cheng H, Sun G, Li M, Yin M, Chen H.
Lanzhou University Second Hospital; Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province; Regiment Medical Company, 96875 Army of PLA.

J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Aug;146(2):1142. doi: 10.1121/1.5121700.
On the loudness of low-frequency sounds with fluctuating amplitudes.
Jurado C, Gordillo D, Moore BCJ.
Escuela de Ingenierıa en Sonido y Acustica, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.

J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2019 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s00359-019-01349-x. [Epub ahead of print]
Bats are unusually insensitive to brief low-frequency tones.
Heffner RS, Koay G, Heffner HE.
Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Ohio.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Feb 4. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04378-w. [Epub ahead of print]
Assessment of ventilation noise impact from metro depot with over-track platform structure on workers and nearby inhabitants.
Tao Z, Wang Y, Zou C, Li Q, Luo Y.
School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.

Cardiovasc Pathol. 2018 Oct 9;37:39-44. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.10.004. [Epub ahead of print]
Infrasound induces coronary perivascular fibrosis in rats.
Lousinha A, R Oliveira MJ, Borrecho G, Brito J, Oliveira P, Oliveira de Carvalho A, Freitas D, P Águas A, Antunes E.
Center for Interdisciplinary Research Egas Moniz (CIIEM), Health Sciences Institute, Monte de Caparica; Department of Anatomy and UMIB, Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.

J Vet Med Sci. 2018 Feb 26. doi: 10.1292/jvms.17-0548. [Epub ahead of print]
Sound exposure-induced cytokine gene transcript profile changes in captive bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) blood identified by a probe-based qRT-PCR.
Chen IH, Chou LS, Chou SJ, Wang JH, Stott J, Blanchard M, Jen IF, Yang WC.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University; Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis; Farglory Ocean Park.

Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;66(S 01):S1-S110. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1628066.
Are there harmful effects caused by the silent noise of infrasound produced by windparks? An experimental approach
Vahl CF, Ghazy A, Chaban R.
Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Germany.

Noise Health. 2017 Mar-Apr;19(87):79-83. doi: 10.4103/nah.NAH_39_16.
The effects of low-frequency noise on rats: Evidence of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells and the release of low-molecular-weight DNA in the blood plasma.
Vasilyeva IN, Bespalov VG, Semenov AL, Baranenko DA, Zinkin VN.
Scientific Laboratory for Cancer Chemoprevention and Oncopharmacology at N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow; International Research Centre “Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium”, ITMO University, St. Petersburg; Research and Testing Center of Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics at 4th Central Research Institute under the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation.

Scientific J Aerosp Eng Mech. 2017;1(2):83-98.
Occupational and residential exposures to infrasound and low frequency noise in aerospace professionals: Flawed assumptions, inappropriate quantification of acoustic environments, and the inability to determine dose-response values.
Alves-Pereira M, Bakker HHC.
School of Economic Sciences and Organizations, Lusófona University, Portugal; School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, New Zealand.

Environ Pollut. 2017 Aug 26;231(Pt 1):703-711. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.031. [Epub ahead of print]
Short-term association between personal exposure to noise and heart rate variability: The RECORD MultiSensor Study.
el Aarbaoui T, Méline J, Brondeel R, Chaix B.
Nemesis Team, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris; EHESP School of Public Health, Rennes, France.

Ultrastruct Pathol. 2017 Jun 19:1-5. doi: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1336188. [Epub ahead of print]
Low-frequency noise effects on the rat parotid gland: A transmission electron microscopy study.
Oliveira P, Pereira GM, Simões MS, Monteiro E, Alves de Matos AP, Águas A, Martins Dos Santos J.
Anatomy Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Caparica, Portugal; Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, and Anatomy Department, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Hear Res. 2017 Mar 27;350:32-42. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.03.011. [Epub ahead of print]
Hyperexcitability of inferior colliculus and acoustic startle reflex with age-related hearing loss.
Xiong B, Alkharabsheh A, Manohar S, Chen GD, Yu N, Zhao X, Salvi R, Sun W.
Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York, Buffalo; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.

J Neurosci. 2017 Apr 14. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3658-16.2017. [Epub ahead of print]
Low-frequency cortical oscillations entrain to sub-threshold rhythmic auditory stimuli.
ten Oever S, Schroeder CE, Poeppel D, van Atteveldt N, Mehta AD, Mégevand P, Groppe DM, Zion-Golumbic E.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York; Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York; Neuroscience Department, Max-Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Educational Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Education and Institute Learn, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Hofstra North Shore–LIJ School of Medicine and Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, New York; Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.

PLoS One. 2017 Apr 12;12(4):e0174420. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174420.
Altered cortical and subcortical connectivity due to infrasound administered near the hearing threshold – Evidence from fMRI.
Weichenberger M, Bauer M, Kühler R, Hensel J, Forlim CG, Ihlenfeld A, Ittermann B, Gallinat J, Koch C, Kühn S.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin; University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hamburg, Germany.

Front Behav Neurosci. 2017 Feb 22;11:30. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00030.
Risk Assessment of Neonatal Exposure to Low Frequency Noise Based on Balance in Mice.
Ohgami N, Oshino R, Ninomiya H, Li X, Kato M, Yajima I, Kato M.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya; Nutritional Health Science Research Center, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan.

Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2017;72(1):38-42. doi: 10.1265/jjh.72.38.
Impairments of Inner Ears Caused by Physical Environmental Stresses.
Ohgami N, Oshino R, Ninomiya H, Li X, Kato M.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.

Sci Rep. 2016 Dec 21;6:37979. doi: 10.1038/srep37979.
Evidence of Cnidarians sensitivity to sound after exposure to low frequency noise underwater sources.
Solé M, Lenoir M, Fontuño JM, Durfort M, van der Schaar M, André M.
Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain; INSERM U.1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, France; Institute of Marine Sciences, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona; Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.

J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Nov;140(5):3799.
The effect of the helicotrema on low-frequency loudness perception.
Jurado C, Marquardt T.
Section of Acoustics, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Denmark; UCL Ear Institute, University College London, United Kingdom.

PLoS One. 2016 Aug 8;11(8):e0160819. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160819.
Direct acoustic stimulation at the lateral canal: An alternative route to the inner ear?
Verhaert N, Walraevens J, Desloovere C, Wouters J, Gérard JM.
KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, ExpORL, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Cochlear Technology Centre Belgium, Mechelen, Belgium; Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arabic Emirates.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 26;113(30):E4304-10. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1606317113. Epub 2016 Jul 12.
Minimal basilar membrane motion in low-frequency hearing.
Warren RL, Ramamoorthy S, Ciganović N, Zhang Y, Wilson TM, Petrie T, Wang RK, Jacques SL, Reichenbach T, Nuttall AL, Fridberger A.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Department of Bioengineering and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle.

PLoS One. 2016 Jul 22;11(7):e0159427. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159427.
Semicircular canals circumvent brownian motion overload of mechanoreceptor hair cells.
Muller M, Heeck K, Elemans CP.
Experimental Zoology Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Department of Physics, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Sound Communication Group, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Environ Res. 2016 Jun 29;150:391-397. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.016. [Epub ahead of print]
Cardiovascular and stress responses to short-term noise exposures – A panel study in healthy males.
Walker ED, Brammer A, Cherniack MG, Laden F, Cavallari JM.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine and Department of Community Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA.

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;894:275-84. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-25474-6_29.
Responses of the human inner ear to low-frequency sound.
Drexl M, Krause E, Gürkov R, Wiegrebe L.
German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (IFB), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Centre; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Neurobiology, Dept. Biology II, University of Munich, Martinsried, Germany.

Hear Res. 2015 Dec 17. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.12.010. [Epub ahead of print]
Low-frequency sound exposure causes reversible long-term changes of cochlear transfer characteristics.
Drexl M, Otto L, Wiegrebe L, Marquardt T, Gürkov R, Krause E.
German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (IFB), Grosshadern Medical Centre, University of Munich, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Centre, University of Munich, Germany; Department Biology II, University of Munich, Martinsried, Germany; University College London, Ear Institute, London, United Kingdom.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26706707

22nd International Congress on Sound and Vibration, Florence, Italy, July 12–16, 2015
EEG reaction under low frequency noise exposure
He M, Krahé D
Department of Electrical, Information, and Media Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Germany

22nd International Congress on Sound and Vibration, Florence, Italy, July 12–16, 2015
Investigation of perception at infrasound frequencies by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG)
Bauer M, Sander-Thömmes T, Ihlenfeld A, Kühn S, Kühler R, Koch C
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Berlin and Max-Planck-Institute of Human Development, Berlin; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2015 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Involvement of cannabinoid receptors in infrasonic noise-induced neuronal impairment.
Ma L, He H, Liu X, Zhang G, Li L, Yan S, Li K, Shi M.
Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Radiation Medicine and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University; Department of Specific Diagnosis, PLA 323 Hospital, Xi’an, China.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26058582

J Acoust Soc Am. 2015 Mar;137(3):1356. doi: 10.1121/1.4913775.
A theory to explain some physiological effects of the infrasonic emissions at some wind farm sites.
Schomer PD, Erdreich J, Pamidighantam PK, Boyle JH.
Schomer and Associates, Champaign, Illinois; Erdreich Forensic Acoustics, Edison, New Jersey.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25786948

J Acoust Soc Am. 2015 Feb;137(2):679. doi: 10.1121/1.4906157.
Stimulus ratio dependence of low-frequency distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in humans.
Christensen AT, Ordoñez R, Hammershøi D.
Acoustics, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25698003

Yonsei Med J. 2015 Jan 1;56(1):235-43. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2015.56.1.235.
The effects of different noise types on heart rate variability in men.
Sim CS, Sung JH, Cheon SH, Lee JM, Lee JW, Lee J.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Urology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan College of Engineering, Ulsan, Korea; Indoor Environment and Noise Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea.

PLoS One. 2014 Aug 21;9(8):e105321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105321.
Occupational noise annoyance linked to depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation: a result from nationwide survey of Korea.
Yoon JH, Won JU, Lee W, Jung PK, Roh J.
nstitute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

R Soc Open Sci. 2014 1:140166. doi: 10.1098/rsos.140166. Published 1 October 2014.
Low-frequency sound affects active micromechanics in the human inner ear.
Kugler K, Wiegrebe L, Grothe B, Kössl M, Gürkov R, Krause E, Drexl M.
German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University of Munich, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Centre, University of Munich, Germany; Department Biology II, University of Munich, Germany; Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.

J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2014 Jul;18(4):503-7. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.138729.
Noise rich in low frequency components, a new comorbidity for periodontal disease? An experimental study.
Mendes JJ, Oliveira PM, de Brito JA, Neves Águas AM, Martins Dos Santos JA.
Center for Interdisciplinary Research Egas Moniz, CiiEM, Portugal; Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, Portugal.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 11. [Epub ahead of print]
An unusually powerful mode of low-frequency sound interference due to defective hair bundles of the auditory outer hair cells.
Kamiya K, Michel V, Giraudet F, Riederer B, Foucher I, Papal S, Perfettini I, Le Gal S, Verpy E, Xia W, Seidler U, Georgescu MM, Avan P, El-Amraoui A, Petit C.
Institut Pasteur, Génétique et Physiologie de l’Audition, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Complexité Du Vivant, Paris, France; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 1138421, Japan; Laboratoire de Biophysique Sensorielle, Faculté de Médecine, and Biophysique Médicale, Centre Jean Perrin, Université d’Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

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